ESPEN 2020 Abstract Submission
Topic: Obesity and the metabolic syndrome
Abstract Submission Identifier: ESPEN20-ABS-1495
EFFECT OF THE INTAKE OF HIGH AND NORMAL PROTEIN DIETS WITH DIFFERENT SOURCES OF DIETARY PROTEIN ON INSULIN RESISTANCE IN SUBJECTS WITH OBESITY: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL
K. G. Hernández-Gómez*, 1, 2, L. E. González-Salazar 2, M. Guevara-Cruz 2, E. Pichardo-Ontiveros 2, B. Palacios-González 3, A. Vigil-Martínez 2, O. Granados-Portillo 2, R. Guizar-Heredia 2, A. Flores-López 2, I. Medina-Vera 4, P. K. Heredia-G-Cantón 2, G. Castelán-Licona 5, L. Arteaga-Sánchez 2, A. E. Serralde-Zúñiga 6, A. Ávila-Nava 7, L. G. Noriega-López 2, C. Zerrweck-López 8, N. Torres 2, A. R. Tovar 2
1Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2Fisiologia de la Nutrición, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y NUTRICIÓN SALVADOR ZUBIRAN, 3Unidad de Vinculación Científica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica,, 4Departamento de Metodología de la Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, 5Clínica de Obesidad, Hospital General de Tláhuac, 6Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y NUTRICIÓN SALVADOR ZUBIRAN, México, 7Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán , Mérida, 8Clínica de Obesidad, Hospital General de Tláhuac, México, Mexico
Rationale: There is evidence to suggest that high-protein diets are associated with insulin resistance (IR). We compared the effect of diets with different amounts and sources of protein on insulin sensitivity (IS) in subjects with obesity.
Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in eighty subjects with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 ) and IR (Matsuda index < 4.3) over 18 years old were randomized to 4 groups of isocaloric diets for a one month period: a normal protein diet (< 20%) with a predominance of animal protein (ANP) or vegetable protein (VNP) and a high protein diet (25-30%) with a predominance of animal protein (AHP) or vegetable protein (VHP). Baseline and final measurements of body weight, body composition, biochemical parameters, blood pressure (BP), resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry (Quark PFT device), oral glucose tolerance test and plasma amino acid profiles by high performance liquid chromatography were performed. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA for repeated measures.
Results: Body weight, BMI and waist circumference decreased in all groups. Interestingly, the IS improved more in the AHP (Matsuda Index; 1.39 vs 2.58, P = 0.003) and in the VHP groups (Matsuda Index; 1.44 vs 3.14, P < 0.0001) after one month. The fat mass, triglyceride levels, C-reactive protein levels and the leptin/adiponectin index decreased, while the skeletal muscle mass increased in the AHP and VHP groups. The BP decreased in all groups except the ANP group.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that a high-protein isocaloric diet improves IS by 60 to 90% after one
month in subjects with obesity and IR, regardless of weight loss and the source of protein, either
animal or vegetable.
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México) Grant: CONACYT PN- 2016-01-3324.
Disclosure of Interest: None Declared
Keywords: None